By Vareva Harris, Co-Editor | Vareva@thewoodrufftimes.com
Annexation is the legal process that allows a city or town to expand its boundaries to include nearby land that is not already inside city limits. In South Carolina, annexation is guided by state law and can only happen when property owners take action.
There are three main ways land can be annexed in South Carolina:
- 100% Property Owner Petition
The most common method occurs when all property owners in a connected area agree to be annexed and sign a petition. Once the city council approves the request and passes an ordinance, the annexation is complete. - 75% Property Owner Petition
Annexation may also happen when 75% of property owners, who own at least 75% of the property value, sign a petition. This method requires public notice, a hearing, and approval by the city council. - Voter Petition and Election (25%)
A less common method allows annexation when 25% of registered voters in the area request an election. If a majority of voters approve annexation, the city council may move forward. If voters reject it, the area cannot vote again for annexation for two years.
Once land is annexed:
- It becomes part of the city
- City zoning rules, taxes, and building codes apply
- Property owners can vote in city elections
In return, the city must provide services such as: - Police and emergency services
- Planning and zoning support
- Road and infrastructure maintenance
The city must also notify several state agencies, including the Secretary of State and the Department of Transportation.
A common misunderstanding is that annexation allows the government to take private property. This is not true. Under South Carolina law, annexation cannot happen unless property owners request it. The state provides strong protections for landowners.
Annexation is often used to help manage growth, especially in fast-growing rural and suburban areas. It can help cities plan for development, improve services, and maintain infrastructure.
The annexation process usually begins when property owners talk with city officials. While city council meetings are open to the public, decisions are typically based on agreements between property owners and the city. People who do not own property in the area may speak at meetings, but they do not have the authority to approve or block annexation.
For more detailed information, residents can review the Annexation Handbook published by the South Carolina Association of Municipalities, which explains the process in plain language.
Author: Vareva Harris
